The youngs have no idea. You used to have to pay for development tools. In high school, I would hand-assemble my 6502 assembler programs by writing them out longhand on graph paper, fill in the hex in the left columns than type in the hex in the Apple monitor to get the program running. Heaven forbid there was anything wrong with the code, the hand-assembling or the keyboarding, but I couldn’t afford one of the paid assemblers (in retrospect, I should have written one in AppleSoft, but hindsight is 20/20, and I don’t know that I was smart enough then to write an assembler anyway). Spending $500–1000 for a compiler in the 90s was typical. Now the kids whine about paying the relatively cheap fee for things like JetBrain IDEs.
Back about roughly 1978 to 1982, I wrote and sold a 6800/6809 disassembler ("Dynamite Disassembler") for I think $200 a copy. Sold enough copies to pay for computer equipment during my college days. I think we reduced the price to $100 or maybe $150 when the TRS-80 Color Computer came out with a 6809 powering it.
$200 back in 1980 is about $800 today. Amazing to think anyone would spend that much for a fairly simple tool.
We were running Oregon Pascal on a PDP/11-44 (later upgraded to a VAX 11/780) that cost thousands. To have access to Pascal for $49 was too good to be true. Kept thinking it had to be deficient somehow, but it wasn't.
The paradigm shift was underway right in front of us.
My CS 101 class in 1989 was all in Pascal and had to be entered via a IBM terminal and ran as a batch job on our school mainframe. There was no interactive feedback and you had to hike across campus to a basement of a building that had an enormous chain printer to get your greenbar paper output of your run to see if it 1) compiled and 2) output the right thing that the autoscorer checked when you flagged your assignment as complete.
I was lucky in that I had a Tandy 1000SX in my dorm room and I had Turbo Pascal (bought using an educational discount at the school bookstore). A hidden feature of Turbo Pascal was that it supported multiple comment delimiters, including the comment delimiters used by IBM Pascal (the assignments were also graded on comment quality). I was able to do all my class work locally, using interactive debugging, and thanks to a guy I met while working at a local computer shop that was the student IBM rep I got a file uploader and the phone number of hidden 2400 baud that it used so I could directly upload my code and then dial into the interactive terminal number and submit it.
I sort of felt bad for all the other kids in the class for the write/submit/walk/debug loop they endured, but not really.
